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Thursday, 27 August 2015

KEBIJAKAN FISKAL DALAM ISLAM




Oleh:Achmad Shaifudin



FAKULTAS EKONOMI DAN BISNIS ISLAM
INSTITUT AGAMA ISLAM NEGERI TULUNGAGUNG
Sekretariat : Jl. Mayor Sujadi Timur No. 46 Telp. (0355) 321513 Tulungagung
2014/2015

ABSTRACT
Kebijakan Fiskal adalah kebijakan pemerintah yang berhubungan dengan pendapatan dan belanja negara. Dalam istilah yang lebih dimengerti, itu berarti bahwa Pemerintah mengatur urusan keuangan untuk kelangsungan hidup negara, terutama dibidang ekonomi. Dalam kebijakan fiskal, ada dua hal penting yang perlu diperhatikan, yaitu pendapatan dan pengeluaran. Pemerintah harus meningkatkan pendapatan sehingga negara dapat membiaya isemua kebutuhan, sementara pada saat yang sama juga dapat menerapkan efisiensi. Dalam Islam ada penghasilan tetap yang sudah menjadi ketentuan seperti zakat, wakaf, jizyah, fadhla amwal, nawaib, kaffarah, kharaj dan ushr masing-masing dengan distribusi yang ditunjuk. Dari perspektif tujuan, tidak ada perbedaan antara fiskal secara umum dan bahwa dalam Islam. Hanya saja dalam Islam selain regulasi Pemerintah, juga merupakan kewajiban agama seperti pengeluaran untuk infaq, sadaqah dan wakaf.
The Fiscal policy is a government policy that deals with the state revenues and expenditures. In a more understandable term, it means that the Government regulates financial affairs for the survival of the country, especially in the economic sphere. In the fiscal policy, there are two important things to note, i.e. the income and expenditures. The Government should increase revenue so the country can finance all its needs, while at the same time can also apply efficiency. In Islam there is fixed income that has already become a provision such as the zakat, waqf, Jizya, amwal fadhla, nawaib, kafarat, kharaj and ushr each with its designated distribution. From the perspective of the goal, there is no difference between fiscal in general and that in Islam. It is just that in Islam in addition to the regulation of the Government, it is also a religious obligation such as the expenditures for infaq, sadawah and waqf.
Kew word: fiskal,ekonomi islam,keadilan